Stories/ 夷坚志/ The Water People of Dingtao

The Water People of Dingtao

定陶水族

SourceYijian Zhi (Record of the Listener)
AuthorHong Mai
EraJin occupation · 1157, the Zhenglong era
Writtenc. 1160–1200
DragonRiver GodMercy
Ink-wash: a green-robed dream-envoy bowing before a seated magistrate in a lamplit yamen, mist and water faintly visible beyond the window
Illustration generated by AI, based on the ancient Chinese text.

North of Dingtao county in Caozhou there is a marsh, and those who lived nearby mostly gathered mussels, fish, and turtles to sell for a living. In the second year of the Zhenglong era of Emperor Hailing of Jin, in mid-spring, a Jurchen named Asar was the county magistrate.

He dreamed of a guest in a green robe, black cap, black boots, and a leather belt, who came in holding a tablet and said: “My kind has lived under your administration for generations, and our descendants have all received your merciful protection. But unhappily we are caught and killed by the common people for food, and then resold to others, and soon none of my line will survive. May the worthy magistrate take pity and forbid it a little; the grace would flow without end, and we shall think how to repay.”

Asar promised in the dream but had no time to ask what creature it was or where it lived. Awaking, he pondered deeply but could not fathom it. The next night he dreamed again; he asked his clerks and soldiers and consulted a practitioner of the arts, but none could say what it meant.

By late spring the weather was clear and warm, and the lakeside folk went in groups of tens and hundreds, stripping off and entering the water with nets and baskets, catching many times their usual haul. Suddenly mist shrouded the sky, the waves rose like mountains, thunder shook the air, and a huge creature six or seven zhang long, shaped like a flood-dragon, sprayed clouds and smoke, wrecked the banks, and breathed a bitter cold. All threw down their catches and raced for dry land; of them, a tenth or more were seized by the great creature and nearly half drowned.

Only then did the crowd understand the magistrate’s dream. From then on none dared fish there again.

Original classical Chinese text · 原文

曹州定陶縣之北有陂澤民居其傍者多采螺蚌魚鼈之屬鬻以贍生金亮正隆二年中春女真人阿薩爾為邑宰夢一客緑袍烏㡊皂鞾革帶握手板入謁曰吾種族世居治下子孫蕃衍皆獲依仁庇不幸為細民捕殺充食且又轉售於人將使無噍類願賢令尹慈憐少加禁止則恩流無窮當思所報薩爾夢中諾之而不暇扣其何物居於何所旦起深念不能曉測明夜復夢遍詢吏士及訪道術人酌詳亦莫知所謂迨春暮天清氣暄澤邊相率什百為羣脱衣入水網箕羅取數倍常日忽暝霧迷空波涌如山雷聲振動一巨物長六七丈狀如蛟螭噴薄雲烟摧壞岸滸冷氣慘烈人皆捨弃所獲爭赴平地已為巨物攫拏者十二三溺死者殆半衆始悟邑宰之夢自是無復敢漁

From 《定陶水族》, Yijian Zhi. Translated in full. 正隆二年 is 1157, the Zhenglong era of Emperor Hailing of Jin; 女真人 is a Jurchen, the ruling people of Jin; 種族 is my kind or my race, used here by a water-dragon speaker; 蛟螭 are flood-dragons. The tale is the dragon's own petition — a rare first-person plea from the prey, answered by the river in wrath.

Source. From Yijian Zhi (Record of the Listener) (夷坚志), by Hong Mai , c. 1160–1200. The original text is in the public domain; this English rendering and the accompanying notes are original work.
Where this fits in the universe: Dragons

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