Stories/ 夷坚志/ The Judge of the West Lake

The Judge of the West Lake

西湖判官

SourceYijian Zhi (Record of the Listener)
AuthorHong Mai
EraSouthern Song dynasty · 1192, the guichou year of Shaoxi
Writtenc. 1160–1200
UnderworldJusticeAnimal
A giant crab on a threshold at night while a long-bearded green-robed official bows before a startled general seated on a camp stool outside a city gate, ink-wash painting
Illustration generated by AI, based on the ancient Chinese text.

Di Xun, a junior general of the Right Army of the Palace Guard, on the sixth day of the second month of the third year of Shaoxi, was leading the garrison troops to receive their pay before the fifth watch, and sat outside the Qianhu gate on a camp stool waiting for it to open. He felt something hard touch his foot; he took a candle and looked — it was a giant crab, three feet long, of strange and ugly shape.

He ordered a follower to tie it up and take it home, then sat down again to doze. In his dream a man with a long beard, of ancient and fearsome aspect, in a pale-green robe, a soft cap, black boots and a black rhinoceros-leather belt, holding a tablet, bowed and said:

“I am the Judge of the West Lake. I came out sporting in the open country, and your men seized me roughly; I feared I was surely destined for the cauldron. I beg you to send a messenger at once to tell them to spare my remaining life, and I shall contrive a rich reward. If it cannot be helped, my small life is not worth pity — but I fear the calamity it brings upon your household will be no small matter.”

Di woke; the gate was already open and the men were filing into the city; he had no time to ask. When his business was done he galloped home — and his sons had already boiled the crab and were dividing it, marvelling at its sweetness. Only his wife had not yet taken a bite.

Di told them his dream and forbade them to eat. Before long, his five sons died one after another; only Di and his wife survived.

Original classical Chinese text · 原文

侍衛少司右軍第三將狄訓緣以紹熙三年二月六日部諸寨兵五更入受俸至前湖門外坐胡床以俟啟闕覺有堅物觸其足取燭照視則一巨蟹長三尺形模怪醜命從卒執縛送于家復坐假寐夢一人長髯須貌古惡著淡緑袍軟幘黑鞾繫烏犀帶持手板揖曰某乃西湖判官因出戲于原野蒙君虐執慮必遭鼎烹之害願急馳一使往告俾全餘生當謀厚報脱或不免在微命固不足恤正恐為門下之禍非細事也狄寤而門已啟衆以次入城未暇問及事畢奔馬歸舍諸子已烹蟹分食詫其甘鮮獨妻未下箸狄話所夢使勿食未幾五子相繼病死唯狄與妻存

From 《西湖判官》, Yijian Zhi. Translated in full. 紹熙三年 is 1192; 判官 is a judge or assessor, a standard post in the underworld bureaucracy who keeps the registers of the dead; 鼎烹 is to be boiled in a cauldron, the fate of a captured water-creature; 手板 is the tablet a official carries to audience. The West Lake here is the Hangzhou lake, whose bottom the tale quietly treats as an office of the dead.

Source. From Yijian Zhi (Record of the Listener) (夷坚志), by Hong Mai , c. 1160–1200. The original text is in the public domain; this English rendering and the accompanying notes are original work.
Where this fits in the universe: Ghosts · The Courts of the Dead

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