Stories/ 夷坚志/ The Surgeon and the Skin-Field King

The Surgeon and the Skin-Field King

張小娘子

SourceYijian Zhi (Record of the Listener)
AuthorHong Mai
EraSouthern Song dynasty · 12th century
Writtenc. 1160–1200
DeityMonsterJustice
A woman surgeon examines a cup of settled pus and blood under lamplight, the dregs congealed red as cinnabar
Illustration generated by AI, based on the ancient Chinese text.

Zhang of Xiuchuan was a surgeon. He had been a constable in the prefecture.

His wife met a divine man who called himself the King of the Skin Field, and gave her a book of unusual prescriptions for ulcers, and taught her the general principles of the hand, so she became famous as a doctor. People called her Zhang the Little Mistress. She later taught her husband.

The grandmother of the Zhang county magistrate of Wu was a concubine of Zhang Zihou. At seventy an ulcer broke out on her back, and Zhang was invited to treat it.

He first drained the sore and kept the discharged pus and blood in a cup, let it settle, and examined the dregs, and the congealed part was red as cinnabar. He came out and said to the magistrate: “This is the poison of taking elixirs, and the trend is hard to cure.”

The magistrate was angry: “In her life the old woman never took a single warming medicine, let alone elixirs. How can you talk such nonsense?”

The mother in the room heard him and hurriedly called him in and said: “He is right. When I was young in your house, every time the master took a fired elixir he made us take a pill with him. Over a long time there were many, and so the poison root was stored up. It is too late to regret now.”

Zhang apologised and left, and the mother died of it soon after.

Lou Xiasheng’s concubine, a woman named Xiang, had a very foul ulcer. A village doctor cauterised it with moxa, and suddenly the flesh rose up like a rolled flower, rather like a curled calyx, or mistakenly touched by something, and the pain went through her heart.

Zhang said: “This is called a turning-flower brain ulcer. People with it are extremely few, and my prescription books do not record a treatment.” And he left her and went.

The village doctor applied medicated thread and tied it off, and in half a day the roll fell with the thread, but it formed again, four or five times over, and she never recovered. After several tens of days the concubine died.

Original classical Chinese text · 原文

其妻遇神人,自稱皮場大王,授以癰疽異方一冊,且誨以手法大概,遂用醫著名,俗呼為張小娘子。……張先潰其病,而以盞貯所泄膿血,澄滓而視之,其凝處紅如丹砂,出謂丞曰:「此服丹藥毒發所致,勢難療也。」丞怒曰:「老人平生尚不喫一服煖藥,況於丹乎?何妄言如是!」母在房聞之,亟呼之曰:「其說是矣。我少在汝家時,每相公餌伏火丹,必使我輩伴服一粒,積久數多,故儲蓄毒根,今不可悔矣。」

From 《張小娘子》, Yijian Zhi yi 5. 皮场大王 was the patron deity of ulcers, whose temples stood at the Song execution grounds.

Source. From Yijian Zhi (Record of the Listener) (夷坚志), by Hong Mai , c. 1160–1200. The original text is in the public domain; this English rendering and the accompanying notes are original work.

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